Ataxia in Dogs: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Care
Spinal Strokes in Dogs: FCE Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Recovery Time
What is a Spinal Stroke in Dogs?
Fibrocartilaginous Embolism (FCE), more commonly known as a canine spinal stroke, occurs when a blockage happens in a blood vessel supplying the spinal cord. This can cause immediate paralysis in one or more of the dog’s legs.
Although a spinal stroke occurs due to a blockage in a blood vessel, it differs from other types of canine stroke. During an FCE, the blockage is actually a piece of the intervertebral disc and not a blood clot. A piece of the spinal cord breaks off and blocks blood flow in the dog’s spinal column.
Fibrocartilaginous Embolism (FCE) Symptoms and Diagnosis
Spinal strokes occur suddenly, often during physical activity like jumping or running. Typically, the first sign is a sudden yelp followed by an inability to walk. The sharp pain from an FCE usually diminishes within minutes to hours. Most dogs will show signs of leg weakness immediately, usually in the back legs.
Unlike other mobility conditions, an FCE primarily affects younger, active dogs, often under the age of 6. While more common in large breeds, it can also occur in smaller breeds like Miniature Schnauzers and Shelties.
Symptoms of a Spinal Stroke in Dogs
Spinal strokes have a sudden onset. A dog may cry out and then be unable to walk. In some cases, symptoms appear moments later. Common symptoms include:
- Sudden, severe pain that quickly disappears
- Signs of weakness
- Dragging back legs or rear leg weakness
- Loss of coordination
- Muscle spasms
- Partial or full rear leg paralysis
- Wobbly or uneven gait
Immediate veterinary care is crucial for recovery. Early diagnosis and treatment improve the chances of regaining mobility. The extent of damage determines the severity of symptoms.
Causes of a Dog Spinal Stroke
There are no clear high-risk markers. While large dogs are more commonly affected, Miniature Schnauzers and Shelties are also prone. FCE can affect dogs as young as 4 months or as old as 10+ years. Most cases occur in active dogs aged 3 to 5 years who land incorrectly, causing disc pressure on the spinal cord.
The good news: symptoms typically do not worsen after the first 24 hours, and recurrence is rare.
Diagnosing a Dog with an FCE
If mobility changes occur, consult a veterinary neurologist. A physical exam is conducted to rule out other conditions. MRI scans help confirm an FCE diagnosis and assess severity and recovery prognosis.
How to Help a Dog Recover from a Spinal Stroke
Dogs can recover from an FCE with time, patience, and rehabilitation. The first 24 hours are the most severe. Recovery plans vary, but strengthening rehab exercises are key.
Over 74% of dogs treated for FCE regain leg function and continence. Initial treatments focus on reducing inflammation, followed by pain management and mobility improvement.
Treatments for FCE and Canine Spinal Stroke
Treatment begins with crate rest. Your vet will recommend a plan suited to your dog. Owners play a vital role in recovery by encouraging safe movement and exercises. Avoid stairs until strength is regained.
Provide a well-padded bed. To prevent bed sores, reposition your dog every 4–6 hours. Dogs that are immobile may need bladder expression to prevent infections.
Physical Therapy for FCE
Canine stroke rehab improves strength and coordination. With a therapist’s help, dogs can regain mobility. Recovery takes time and varies by dog. Common therapies include:
- Hydrotherapy
- Stretching
- Laser Therapy
- Acupuncture
- Exercise
Most dogs begin walking again within 2–6 weeks with consistent therapy.
Use Mobility Aids During Recovery and Physical Therapy
Dog wheelchairs and harnesses provide vital support. These aids help keep dogs upright and active during rehab.
- Walkin' Wheels Wheelchair
- Lifting Harness: Warrior Rear Harness or Buddy Up Harness for full-body support.
These tools can be used during therapy or everyday activities. Continued mobility helps dogs stay healthy and rebuild strength, potentially leading to full recovery.
My much loved dog, Darcy, suddenly suffered from an FCE. I was devastated when this active three-year-old boxer became paralyzed. I found Walkin’ Wheels and it changed everything.
She adapted quickly and was walking with support in just one day. The cart was lightweight, easy to use, and restored her independence. Thank you Walkin’ Pets for helping Darcy walk again.
Good News: Milo and Canine Spinal Stroke
Milo, a 9-year-old Bassett Hound/Boxer mix, was paralyzed by an FCE. His family refused to give up.
Milo's Recovery
They purchased a Walkin’ Wheels wheelchair, and Milo quickly adapted. Within weeks, he began moving his back legs again.
“We are amazed by Milo’s progress. The wheelchair prevents muscle loss, stimulates nerves, and allows regular exercise. It’s an amazing rehab tool. He’s regaining rear leg function and improving daily.”
Milo’s story shows that recovery is possible with the right care, tools, and determination.
FCE rarely recurs. According to Fitzpatrick Referrals, “once an animal recovers, there is very little chance of recurrence.”
Mobility Aids for FCE in Dogs
